Food for DOGS
In the nutrition of dogs used foods of animal and
vegetable origin, as well as various mineral
substances, vitamins and other supplements.
This section, in our opinion, absolutely necessary, since
contains the minimum knowledge that will help every owner
dog food properly organize your pet.
In the table are the result of long
science and, more significantly, the pilot
Labour, the results of which are widely used in feeding
dogs.
About that, how important proper nutrition for dogs
following facts. Deaths from diseases of
indigestion, caused by improper feeding comes to
40% of all deaths of dogs from non-communicable diseases.
To better understand this chapter, we decided to give
the necessary information to help you understand
terminology used here - to avoid it, because
Lenses reason is simply impossible
Proteins - the basic "building blocks" of any living
organism. They perform a variety of body
functions, including functions to regulate the exchange of
substances. With a lack of food proteins in the dog appears
protein deficiency that leads to a number of serious
diseases associated with metabolic disorders. And,
a result, your pets, despite the apparent prosperity in the
food, delayed the growth and development, they have violated
reproductive function, decreased immunity.
However, an excess of protein in the diet can result in toxicosis
(Poisoning).
Vitamins - a substance with which
implemented and regulated by metabolic processes in the body.
Vitamins are designated as follows:
A - retinol;
D - calciferol;
E - tocopherol;
K - fillohinon;
C - ascorbic acid;
B1 - thiamine;
B2 - riboflavin;
B3 - pantothenic acid;
B4 - choline chloride;
B5 - nikotinvoaya acid;
B6 - Pyridoxine;
B12 - cyanocobalamin;
H - Biotin;
Folacin - folic acid.
Each vitamin needed an animal in a certain
quantity. Shortage and excess of a vitamin
leads to metabolic disorders - hypervitaminosis,
vitamin deficiency or hypovitaminosis.
Need Vitamins in the amount of active ingredient
expressed in weight (mg, mcg) and international units
(IE).
1 mg - milligram - 0,001 g;
1 ug - micrograms - 0.000 001g.
Vitamins are often necessary to add in food
dogs in liquid form. So you need to take into
note that the milliliter (ml) of liquid contains 20-30
drops, respectively, 0.1 ml - 2-3 drops; 0,05 ml - 1-1,5
drop.
Amino acids - components of the molecules of any protein.
Essential amino acids - amino acids, the number of
which should not be less than the norms required for
normal development and functioning of the body. Their
deficiency leads to disruption of protein metabolism. Set
consists of the following amino acids: arginine, histidine, lysine,
isoleucine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine,
phenylalanine.
Carbohydrates - the class of energy-rich nutrients
basically it is: starch, sugar and fiber. Carbohydrates
are an important supplier of energy in the body. Their
deficiency leads to depletion, and excessive obesity.
1kDzh - kilojoule - the amount of energy. Each product
contains a certain amount of energy that is absorbed
organism in the digestive process is then used. When
Oxidation of 1 g of protein in the body dog stands - 16.7 kJ
1g fat - 37.7 kJ, 1 g carbohydrate - 15.7 kJ.
Calculate the rate of meat for a specific dog can be
follows: For example, an adult dog in a position to
rest with a body weight 10 kg is required per day 200kDzh energy. In
This amount of energy, the meat must be 30% (p.36)
therefore, due to dog meat to be given in the diet
870kDzh (2900ch30/100). Suppose that in a diet Dogs
beef. Calorie-100g beef is 602kDzh (p.17). In
this case, the dog in the night to give a ration of about 145g
of meat (870ch100/602).
Minerals - are part of products or
added to the food mineral salts, which include elements
necessary for the body, such as: calcium, phosphorus, sodium,
chlorine, potassium, iron, copper, cobalt, zinc, manganese, iodine. Their
deficiency leads to stunted growth and development of the organism,
as part of the living tissues that form the body
animal.
Nutritious food value of meat and offal
+------------------------------------------------- -----------------+
| Nutrients | Govya-| Bar-| Meat | Meat | Liver | Lungs | Heart |
| Material | Dina | Nina | Rabbit | Bird | | | |
|--------------+-------+------+--------+-----+---- --+------+-------|
| Energy, kJ | 602 | 686 | 833 | 1,074 | 431 | 385 | 364 |
| Protein, g | 20 | 21 | 21 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 15 |
| Fat, g | 7 | 9 | 13 | 20 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| Starch, | | | | | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Sugar, g | | | | | | | |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Amino Acids, g |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Lysine | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 1.6 |
| Methionine | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Tryptophan | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Arginine | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| Histidine | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
| Valine | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| Leucine | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
| Threonine | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Vitamins kg |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| A | traces | trace | trace | | | traces | trace |
| D | | | | | | | |
| E | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| K | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| C | traces | trace | 0.8 | 1.8 | 33 | 2 | 4 |
| B1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| B2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Q3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 6.8 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| B4 | 78 | 68 | 115 | 75 | 635 | 250 | 430 |
| B5 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 5 |
| V6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| B12 CIM | 2.8 | 2 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 60 | 4 | 10 |
| Folacin, ug | 8.9 | 5.5 | 7.7 | 4.3 | 240 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| H ug | 7.2 | 2.5 | 8 | 10 | 98 | 3.5 | 8 |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Minerals mg |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Calcium | 10 | 10 | 19 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 7 |
| Phosphorus | 188 | 168 | 190 | 201 | 314 | 130 | 210 |
| Sodium | 73 | 101 | 57 | 95 | 104 | 80 | 100 |
| Chlorine | 59 | 84 | 80 | 77 | 100 | 45 | 60 |
| Potassium | 355 | 329 | 335 | 217 | 277 | 183 | 260 |
| Magnesium | 22 | 25 | 25 | 32 | 18 | 16 | 23 |
| Iron | 2.9 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 6,9 | 5 | 4.8 |
| Copper, mcg | 182 | 238 | 130 | 76 | 3800 | 430 | 450 |
| Cobalt. ug | 7 | 6 | 16 | 12 | 20 | 66 | 5 |
| Zinc | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Manganese, ug | 35 | 35 | 13 | 19 | 315 | 110 | 59 |
| Iodine, mcg | 7.2 | 2.7 | 5 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 7.3 |
+------------------------------------------------- -----------------+
The nutritional value of milk and milk products
(Per 100g)
Milk and dairy products for dogs are
diet and a highly food. Fed into
of diet in the amount of 3-5% of total calories
ration.
+------------------------------------------------- ---------+
| Simply Nutritious Milk-Cheese Butter Kazei-|
| Substance cow Kvasha slivoch. Nut |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Energy, kJ 243 243 360 3130 1531 |
| Protein, g 2.8 2.8 18 0.6 86 |
| Fat, g 3.2 3.2 0.6 83 2 |
| Starch 4.7 4.1 1.5 0.9 1 |
| Sugar, i |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Amino Acids, g |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Lysine 261 214 1450 6010 |
| Methionine 87 72480450 |
| Tryptophan 50 41 180 1250 |
| Arginine 122 100 810 2770 |
| Histidine 90 74 560 1920 |
| Valine 191 157 900 5900 |
| Leucine 324 267 1850 7890 |
| Threonine 153 126 800 4210 |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Vitamins kg |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| A 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 |
| D 0.1 1.5 |
| E 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.3 0.1 |
| A 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.1 |
| C 1.5 0.8 0.5 traces 0.5 |
| B1 0.1 0.1 0.1 traces 0.1 |
| B2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 |
| B3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 |
| B4 23 43 55 103 58 |
| B5 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.5 |
| B6 0.1 0.1 0.2 traces 0.2 |
| B12 CIM 0.4 0.3 1.3 1.5 |
| Folacin, mg 3 May 1940 marks 44 |
| H, 2.3 mcg 3.4 7.6 traces 8.5 |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Minerals mg |
|------------------------------------------------- ---------|
| Calcium 122 188 120 22 500 |
| Phosphorus 192 96 189 19 900 |
| Sodium 50 51 44 45 1500 |
| Chlorine 110 98115120113 |
| Potassium 148 144 117 23 280 |
| Magnesium 13 16 24 3 18 |
| Iron 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 |
| Copper, mcg 12 10 60 25 58 |
| Cobalt. ug 1 1 2 2 |
| Zinc 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.5 |
| Manganese mcg 5 June 2 August 1910 |
| Iodine, mcg 16 13 20 20 |
+------------------------------------------------- ---------+
The nutritional value of bread and cereals
(Calculated at the per 100g)
Breads and cereals are characterized by a high content of
carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, especially
phosphorus. The daily bread ration for adult dogs should not be
more than 10-12% of the total daily diet. In the 3.5 months in
Puppy teeth begin to change. During this period, good for them
make croutons.
+------------------------------------------------- -----------------+
| Nutrients | Bread | Cereal |
| Substance |-------------------------+--------------------- -----|
| | Millet-| Man-| greek-| Rizo-| millet | oat-| PEYRELEAU-| cookie-|
| | Esidual | Nye | nevaya | curve | | Naya | curve | ruznaya |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Energy, kJ 946 1364 1377 1351 1397 1444 1356 1360 |
| Protein, g 07.09 11.03 06.12 July 12, 1912 9.3 8.3 |
| Fat 1 g 0.7 2.6 0.6 2.9 5.8 1.1 1.2 |
| Starch 49 73 68 77 69 65 74 75 |
| Sugar, i |
| Fiber 0.3 0.2 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.8 1 0.8 |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Amino Acids, g |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Lysine 280 300 630 260 360 420 300 210 |
| Methionine 142 150 260 130 270 140 120 130 |
| Arginine 435 230 300 160 290 640 190 260 |
| Histidine 216 490 1120 430 490 220 360 140 |
| Valine 420 500 590 420 620 580 450 310 |
| Leucine 631 900 680 620 1620 780 460 1160 |
| Threonine 281 330 500 240 440 350 210 160 |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Vitamins kg |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| A |
| D |
| E 3.8 2.5 6.6 0.5 2.6 3.4 3.7 2.7 |
| B1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.1 |
| B2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 |
| B3 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.4 |
| B4 85 91 105 78 83 94 60 45 |
| B5 4.2 1.2 4.2 1.6 1.6 1.1 2 1.1 |
| B6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 |
| Folacin, mg 32 23 32 19 40 29 24 19 |
| H, mcg 3.5 3.5 8.4 20 6.6 |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Minerals mg |
|------------------------------------------------- -----------------|
| Calcium 31 20 55 24 27 64 31 18 |
| Phosphorus 222 85 298 97 233 349 233 175 |
| Sodium 456 10 33 26 28 35 10 22 |
| Chlorine 740 21 33 25 24 70 8 197 |
| Potassium 267 130 218 54 211 362 172 93 |
| Magnesium 89 18 78 26 83 116 92 497 |
| Iron 4 0.1 6.7 1 7 4 2 43 |
| Copper, mcg 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 |
| Cobalt. ug 4 3 3 1 8 7 2 3 |
| Zinc 2.1 0.6 2.1 1.4 1.7 2.7 0.9 1.5 |
| Manganese, mcg 3.2 0.4 1.6 2.1 0.9 5 0.6 0.6 |
| Iodine, mcg 9 13 3 1 4 4 2 3 |
+------------------------------------------------- -----------------+
The nutritional value of potatoes, vegetables and herbs
(Per 10 gram product)
The total number of root and tuber crops in the diurnal
diet of adult dogs is approximately 8-10% of
total caloric intake.
+------------------------------------------------- -------------+
| Nutritional Carto-Mor-Swe-Kapu-Salad spinel schA-|
| Substance Fel kov cluster hundred Nat Vel |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Energy, kJ 347 138 201 117 59 88 117 |
| Protein, g 2 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.5 2.9 1.5 |
| Fat, g 0.1 0.1 |
| Starch, 19.7 7 10.8 5.5 2.2 2.3 5.3 |
| Sugar, i |
| Dietary Fiber, g 1 1 1 0.7 0.5 0.5 1 |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Amino Acids, g |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Lysine 135 38 92 61 100 51 43 |
| Methionine 26 9 27 22 37 13 10 |
| Tryptophan 28 8 13 10 14 11 6 |
| Arginine 100 41 73 85 60 55 48 |
| Histidine 30 14 14 28 21 26 32 |
| Valine 122 43 53 58 75 73 65 |
| Leucine 128 44 67 64 71 80 74 |
| Threonine 97 32 53 45 70 56 60 |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Vitamins kg |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| A |
| D |
| E 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.7 2.5 1.6 |
| A 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.2 2.4 6 3.2 |
| With 20 5 10 45 15 55 35 |
| B1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 |
| B2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 |
| B3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 |
| B4 60 32 40 55 44 30 36 |
| B5 1.3 1 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 |
| B6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 |
| B12 CIM |
| Folacin, mg 8 4 13 10 48 80 65 |
| H, 0.1 ug 0.6 traces 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.2 |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Minerals mg |
|------------------------------------------------- -------------|
| Calcium 10 51 37 48 77 70 65 |
| Phosphorus 58 55 43 31 34 43 38 |
| Sodium 28 21 86 13 8 8 7 |
| Chlorine 58 63 43 37 50 40 35 |
| Potassium 568 200 288 185 220 250 230 |
| Magnesium 23 38 43 16 40 35 42 |
| Iron 0.9 0.7 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 |
| Copper, mcg 140 80 140 75 120 110 86 |
| Cobalt. ug 5 2 2 6 4 3 3 |
| Zinc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 |
| Iodine, mcg 5 5 7 3 8 7 4 |
+------------------------------------------------- -------------+
The composition and nutritive value of wet and
dry canned food:
Currently, the supply of dogs are widely used
cans. They provide nutrition to dogs,
convenient for storage, require little time to prepare
food. Canned foods are wet (containing water about 70%)
and dry (water content about 10%).
Moist canned foods produced by industry, as
Typically, in tin cans in the form of minced meat, sausages, pates
etc.
Dry Canned, in most cases produced
industry in granular form, and suggests
consumers in a variety of packages.
Approximate daily rate of feeding canned
adult dogs in a period of rest per 1kg
weight:
+------------------------------------------------+
| Body weight kg | Wet | Dry |
| | Canned, r | g canned |
|------------------------------------------------|
| 1-5 80 40 |
| 5-10 60 30 |
| 10-20 50 25 |
| 20-30 45 20 |
| 30 or more 40 15 |
+------------------------------------------------+
The composition of wet canned food includes:
+-------------------------------------------+
| Key Figures | Table of Contents (g/100g) |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Ingredients: |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Meat and edible offal 50-60 |
| Krupa and vegetables 15-20 |
| Flour reclaimed |
| Animals 25-30 |
| Meat Broth 2-3 |
| Minerals and vitamin-|
| Nye mix 4-5 |
| Salt 1 |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Nutrition: |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Moisture 70-72 |
| Dry matter 28-30 |
| Energy, kJ 600-500 |
| Protein 12-15 |
| Fat 5-12 |
| Digestible |
| Carbohydrates (starch, |
| Sugar) 4-6 |
| Fibre 0.5 |
| Calcium 0.3-0.4 |
| Phosphorus 0.2-0.3 |
| Vitamin A, IU 150-200 |
| Vitamin E, mg 0.4-0.5 |
| Vitamin B, mg 3.5-4.0 |
|-------------------------------------------|
| |
+-------------------------------------------+
The composition of dry cans include:
+-------------------------------------------+
| Key Figures | Table of Contents (g/100g) |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Ingredients: |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Meat and meal scraps-|
| Ized animals 25-28 |
| Wheat Cereal |
| Crops 50-60 |
| Flour blood 5-6 |
| Dry the reverse, fish |
| Meal 5-6 |
| Fodder yeast 5 |
| Mineral mixture 2 |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Nutrition: |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Moisture 8-12 |
| Dry matter 88-92 |
| Energy, kJ 1400-1500 |
| Protein 30-35 |
| Fat 6-8 |
| Starch, sugar 35-45 |
| Fiber 3-6 |
| Calcium 2.5-3 |
| Phosphorus 1.2-1.4 |
| Vitamin A, IU 0.6-1.0 |
| Vitamin E, mg 1.3-1.4 |
| Vitamin B, mg 11-12 |
+-------------------------------------------+
Sample rates of feeding wet canned type
"Pedigree" as the only feed:
+----------------------------------------------+
| Age and physiological-| Body Weight | Daily |
| Topological state | dog kg | dose of conservative-|
| Dogs | | Islands, g |
|----------------------------------------------|
| Puppies 2-3 months. 1200 |
| 5700 |
| |
| Adult dogs 10 510 |
| Rest period 20 860 |
| |
| Females between Puppy-10570 |
| Surface 6-8 weeks 20950 |
| |
| 8-9 weeks 10 770 |
| 20 1300 |
| |
| Females between 10 920 |
| 1-2 weeks of lactation 20 1550 |
| |
| 3-4 weeks in October 1280 |
| 20 2160 |
| |
| 5-6 weeks in October 1030 |
| 20 1730 |
+----------------------------------------------+
In closing this chapter, you should add that in
of canned food includes not all products
components of the diet dogs, but they contain
most necessary, chemical elements and
vitamins.
The need for fish and fish products for dogs.
Fish and fish products are also sources
full of protein and fat. In 100g of fish contains on average
up to 18% protein and 7% fat. Energy value 100g
these products is 450kDzh.
If the core dog food lacks the necessary
components in the feed should be added to the protein, vitamins,
Minerals: baker and brewer's yeast, fish oil,
salt, cheese and eggs are required. According to the recommendations
Veterinarian these additives are used to protect
from some diseases associated with metabolic disorders
substances and to neutralize the stress and
psycho-neurological diseases.
